In a 28-day, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-design pilot study, 16 professional female Serie A volleyball players participated to evaluate performance outcomes.
Studies confirmed identical cell viability to creatine monohydrate across all tested concentrations, with no evidence of cytotoxicity. In human trials, no adverse effects were reported, and Clonapure® was well tolerated, confirming its suitability for long-term and daily use.
References: 1. Lapena-Luzon, T., Hernandez-Bueno, A., Tomas Cobos, L., Moreno-Puente, P., Garcia-Benlloch, S., et al. (2025). Evaluation of the Effect of Clonapure® Versus Creatine Monohydrate on ATP Levels in a C2C12 Muscle Cell Line. American Journal of Sports Science, 13(2), 50-56. 2. Colletti, A., Pellizzato, M., HernándezBueno, A., Meo, A. D., Martelli, A., et al. (2025). Effects of Clonapure® Supplementation on Intermittent Aerobic Capacity and Explosive Power in Elite Female Volleyball Players. International Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education, 10(3), 115-123.